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Chapter 33.43.4.9

3.4.9.3Transportation

… transportation costs (Arent et al., 2014). In the North Sea Route, large-scale commercial shipping might not be possible until 2030 for bulk shipping and until 2050 for container shipping under RCP8.5. A 0.05% increase in mean temperature is projected from …

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Chapter 33.43.4.9

3.4.9.1Tourism

… transnational implications of these impacts on the highly interconnected global tourism sector and the contribution of tourism to achieving the 2030 sustainable development goals (SDGs) remain important uncertainties. In summary, climate is an important factor influencing the geography and seasonality of tourism …

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Chapter 33.43.4.7

3.4.7.1Projected risk at 1.5°C and 2°C of global warming

… hot days are projected to increase from 38.6 billion yuan yr–1 in 1979–2005 to 250 billion yuan yr–1 in the 2030 s (about 1.5°C) (Zhao et al., 2016). Air quality: Because ozone formation is temperature dependent, projections focusing only on temperature …

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Chapter 33.43.4.5

3.4.5.1Global / sub-global scale

… current protection levels occurs (Nicholls et al., 2018). The number of people at risk increases by approximately 18% in 2030 if a 2°C scenario is used and by 266% in 2300 if an RCP8.5 scenario is considered (Nicholls et al., …

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Chapter 33.43.4.4

3.4.4.5Ocean acidification

… into the ocean over time. Under many models and scenarios, the aragonite saturation is projected to reach the surface by 2030 onwards, with a growing list of impacts and consequences for ocean organisms, ecosystems and people (Orr et al., 2005; Hauri …

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Chapter 33.43.4.3

3.4.3.5Regional and ecosystem-specific risks

… paper by Romero-Lankao et al. (2014) also indicate significantly lower wildfire risks in North America for near-term warming ( 2030 –2040, considered a proxy for 1.5°C of warming) than at 2°C (high confidence). The Amazon tropical forest has been shown to …

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Chapter 33.43.4.2

3.4.2.4Water quality

… river basins in Southeast Asia (Sekong, Sesan and Srepok), about 2°C of warming (corresponding to a 1.05°C increase in the 2030 s relative to the baseline period 1981–2008, RCP8.5), impacts posed by land-use change on water quality are projected to be …

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Mikiko Kainuma

154028 2030 :21

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Glossary

123

… climate system would continue to change even if the global mean temperatures remain stable, including further increases of sea level. 2030   Agenda  for  Sustainable  Development  A  UN  resolution   in September 2015 adopting a plan of action for people, planet and …

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GGlossary

… climate system would continue to change even if the global mean temperatures remain stable, including further increases of sea level. 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development A UN resolution in September 2015 adopting a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity in …

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