Figure TS.28

Figure TS.28 | Transition dynamics: levels, policies and processes. {Figure 1.7} The relative importance of different ‘pillars of policy’ differs according to the stage of the transition. The lower panel illustrates growth of innovative technologies or practices, which if successful, emerge from niches into an S-shaped dynamic of exponential growth. The diffusion stage often involves new infrastructure and reconfiguration of existing market and regulatory structures. During the phase of more widespread diffusion, growth levels off to linear, then slows as the industry and market matures. The processes displace incumbent technologies/practices which decline, initially slowly, but then at an accelerating pace. Many related literatures identify three main levels with different characteristics, most generally termed micro, meso and macro.