Figure 14.9

Figure 14.9 |  Burning ember of the relative risks to select tourism activities in North America with and without adaptation as a function of global mean surface temperature increase since pre-industrial times. Risks to tourism activities include: (a) season length reductions from warming temperatures for Nordic skiing and snowmobiling, (b) season length reductions from warming temperatures and precipitation changes for alpine skiing, (c) visitor-experience changes as a result of warming surface and ocean temperatures for beach tourism and degrading coral reef systems for snorkelling and (d) visitor-experience changes related to warming temperatures and changing landscape aesthetic for Parks and Protected Areas. Risks assessed cover all of North America (c,d), or are specific to certain regions (a,b) . The supporting literature and methods are provided in Supplementary Material (SM14.4).