Figure Box 11.2.2 | Variation in the severity of mass-bleaching episodes recorded on Australia’s GBR over the last four decades (1980–2020). The overall number of reefs surveyed was substantially higher in 1998, 2002, 2016, 2017 and 2020 when aerial surveys were undertaken, whereas the severity of other more localised bleaching episodes was documented with in-water surveys (adapted from (Pratchett et al., 2021). Extent of bleaching in 2020 was similar in severity to that of 2016 but more geographically widespread and included southern reefs.