Figure 5.21

Figure caption

Figure 5.21 | Spread of ocean acidification from the surface into the interior of ocean since pre-industrial times. (a) Map showing the three transects used to create the cross sections shown in (b) and (c); vertical sections of the changes in (b) pH and (c) saturation state of aragonite (Ω_arag) between 1800–2002 due to anthropogenic CO₂ invasion (colour). Contour lines are their contemporary values in 2002. The red transect begins in the Nordic Seas and then follows the GO-SHIP lines A16 southward in the Atlantic Ocean, SR04 and S04P westward in the Southern Ocean, and P16 northward in the Pacific Ocean. The purple line follows the GO-SHIP line I09 southward in the Indian Ocean. The green line on the smaller inset crosses the Arctic Ocean from the Bering Strait to North Pole along 175°W and from the North Pole to the Fram Strait along 5°E (Lauvset et al., 2020). Further details on data sources and processing are available in the chapter data table (Table 5.SM.6).