Figure 2.18 | Trends in ERA5 zonal-mean zonal wind speed. Shown are (a) DJF (December–January–February); (b) MAM (March–April–May); (c) JJA (June–July–August); and (d) SON (September–October–November). Climatological zonal winds during the data period are shown in solid contour lines for westerly winds and in dashed lines for easterly. Trends are calculated using OLS regression with significance assessed following AR(1) adjustment after Santer et al. (2008) (‘×’ marks denote non-significant trends). Further details on data sources and processing are available in the chapter data table (Table 2.SM.1).